![]() Mathematically, this new model describes algebraically how variable or periodic phenomena (that have been assumed require the use of waves) can be explained by periodic, asynchronous, remote interactions between point particles without any use of differential equations (including the wave equation). These real emission processes are now integrated into the asynchronous action-at-a-distance model of the EM interaction that is the basis of this new theory. In contrast, this new EM model is constructed upon the key role of the 'light' emission processes, categorized as either oscillatory (as in antenna) or transitory (as within atoms). ![]() This model is used to re-interpret various optical effects that have previously required the existence of a fundamental object known as 'LIGHT': a basic entity, considered to be either a particle or a wave (or even both?-the 'photon') that travels across space. These interactions are the result of the new quantized form of the EM impulse introduced in the previous paper. This paper analyzes the effects of interactions arising from multiple, remote electrons on one or several, local 'target' electrons. This sixth report on a new research programme that is investigating the electromagnetic (EM) interaction. This paper replaces the hypothetical 'object' called 'Light' (wave/photon). The evanescent wave is responsible for the observed double-slit interference phenomenon. Outside the envelope the wave is evanescent with an amplitude that decreases inversely with the radial distance from the axis. Inside the envelope the wave's amplitude increases linearly with the radial distance from the axis of propagation, being zero on the axis. The predicted size and shape is confirmed by experimental measurements: of the sub-picosecond time delay of the photo-electric effect, of the attenuation of undiffracted transmission through slits narrower than the soliton's diameter of $\lambda/\pi$, and by the threshold intensity required for the onset of multiphoton absorption in focussed laser beams. For circularly polarized states the soliton's envelope is a circular ellipsoid whose length is the observed wavelength ($\lambda$), and whose diameter is $\lambda/\pi$ this envelope contains the electromagnetic energy of the wave ($h\nu=hc/\lambda$). The solution can represent any of the known polarization (spin) states of the photon. The soliton travels rectilinearly at the speed of light. The photon is modeled as a monochromatic solution of Maxwell's equations confined as a soliton wave by the principle of causality of special relativity.
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